Wednesday, October 6, 2010
True Ghost Stories Oct. 30th 2010
Saturday, May 1, 2010
IMAGINATION AND MEMORY
Interact Theater Company
by Dean J. Seal
From December, 2004
I don’t know what anyone else thinks, because I don’t read the trades anymore. But I know what I think: Interact Theater does some of the best, most creative, form-stretching work of any company in town.
Bar none.
There’s plenty of innovation at some top-line showcase art houses, but a great deal of it is meaningless. There is a great deal of exquisite production at some top of the line theatrical institutions, but a great deal of it is formulaic, and none of it is surprising. A lot of high buck high art smells like the ancient ivory tower with this year’s room freshener spritzed about to make us think something is actually happening.
Enough about them, more about the Interactors.
The lobby sets the tone. It is decked out in art that is themed with the show, plus a shadow-puppet stage and a stick-puppet stage running before the show. There is a a “smelling bar” where you can sample a few bottled scents and then write down what it makes you think of. This gallery is newly remodeled, as is the performance space, and it makes for an attractive place to buy cool art while you are waiting for the show to begin. It sets the tone for the kind of wild and wooly production you are going to see: a naive approach that turns up unexpected gems of hard-won wisdom at every turn of the trail.
The show tells a half-dozen stories that each cut to the chase. This is a show about what happens to people who lose their memory and have to build a new one. Or people who have lost their sight, and find that it helps to focus their vision. Or someone who has one disability, envying people who have another. These are situations ripe for irony, but presented here as fact, not with anger, not with cynicism. Eriq Nelson narrates: ”...you have entered a place where you will not recognize things as they are, but as they are seen....remembered by the amnesiac through the lens of the eye of the imagination.”
Interact has been operating a split personality studio for a dozen years, with a fine arts studio and a performance company, and never the twain did meet, until now. This show marks the first experiment of moving artists between the two departments. “I don’t know why we didn’t do it before,” said Artistic Director Jeannie Calvit a few weeks before opening, “but it’s working great.” Studio artists were sent up stairs to work with the new show, and performers were encouraged to go downstairs to get some painting action.
But more than that. They hired a pair of famous artists, Ta-coumba Aiken and Lourdes Cue, to work on set design. They also brought in Michael Sommers to consult on a rear-screen projection system which allowed for shadow puppets, merging images and small tableaux silhouettes writ large.
The opening number features a ten-piece band (The Cigars of Beauty band) and a 22-voice chorus singing out a theme song, “There Is a Land of a Quiet God”. This is followed by the killer bit of the night, “Tracy’s Story.” Tracy tells the story of a seven-day seizure that rubbed out her memory. As she reconstructed what her life had been, it seemed like a memory worth erasing. She asked the poignant question, “Wasn’t there anyone in my life who loved me?” The answer was Yes. In one of her foster homes, there was a girl named Michelle, who bonded with her. They loved each other deeply, “fiercely” but could not be kept together because they were both disabled and the foster parents were getting old. By some luck, they managed to get placed on the same block, so they could maintain contact and even go to the same school. When Michelle was killed by a drunk driver, Tracy found out a story “which I cannot imagine or remember.” Michelle had actually been her sister, and the Catholic Charities, in one of their many silent miracles, had moved heaven and earth to keep the two together. They didn’t just care for these kids, they cared about them.
So now, Tracy could look at these pictures from an unremembered past, look into the eyes of her sister, and imagine being loved, and loving back. It’s enough to make a life out of.
Another story comes from Joy, who talks about the weird chromosomal problem called “Prater-Willi Syndrome.” She eats whatever she can get her hands on, and is cranky, and puts on weight. She envies the Down Syndrome people, who are always happy, and fun-loving, and cracking up.
John Boler has been a musician with the troupe for a long time, and he told about how he thinks that before he completely lost his sight at ten, he could perceive colors. Now he still can see them, in the blackness of his blindness, and even equates them with musical notes. He loves green, and was “disappointed to find out that chocolate wasn’t green.”
There are more stories than I have space for. But my point is that the form here is one of tailored delivery of substantial tales of people in mind-altering states of reality that fiction writers can only pretend to understand. They are presented with wit and strength, none of the feel-bad-for-me-the -tortured artist that one can encounter in other performance venues. This is a message of survival and hope delivered without cynicism, with honesty and without fraud, with clarity and without doing anything that needs to be explained. It’s real stuff, delivered transparently, by the storytellers who lived it.
As a staged-up storytelling cabaret, I think storytellers could learn a lot from this. Adding music, a singing chorus to tie the stories together through some musical knitting, lights and sounds and background visuals used effectively to put the story across make this a visual treat for a format that usually is better heard than seen. As a theater cabaret, it holds together because the stories keep connecting to the core theme. And it’s not a theme like the high school prom theme, something fake tacked together in a forced simile of meaning; it is a deep, true subject for anyone who walks in, or rolls in. It works for the disabled and the temporarily abled.
This is the real thing.
Tuesday, April 27, 2010
Gotama: A Journey to the Buddha
The Buddha has been peering around the corners of my spiritual life for a long time. It comes recommended to me by Jewish liberals, Anglican Canons, Japanese booksellers, and Unitarians recovering from the more punitive forms of Christianity. So I was looking forward tot his production to learn more.
It was a good start. This delicious production is touching, moving, a delight to the eye and ear, and conveys the beginnings of the journey that the young prince makes when he escapes from his stately pleasure-dome to see what the world is really about. My only complaint is that it stops short. It uses its time to tell us how he got here, but not to tell us where he got. It's the story of a teacher without any of his teachings. Maybe it would be best to call it Part One. But I'd sign right up for part 2; this is a quibble more than a complaint. I would heartily recommend this show to anyone who wants to enjoy a superb 75 minutes of minutely crafted world theater that blends stagecraft from around the globe to make sense out of a great religion to anyone wondering in from East lake Street.
The story is of a rich prince who seemed poised to inherit the best of everything. He will inherit his father's kingdom, he is known to be a great archer and athlete, a lover of learning and a lovely lover. His father tries to keep him in the dark about the outside world, because the prophecy of his youth is that he will either be a great prince of a great teacher, and we all know the differential in salary between those two posts. His father wants the best for him, as he can only hope for from what he knows. But Gotama escapes.
He sees the sights foretold; an old man, a sick woman, a dead man, and a monk who has renounced the world. He asks, does this happen to all of us? His charioteer acknowledges this truth, that death comes to us all. Gotama is moved. He casts off his clothing and all that is attached to the manor to which he was born, and takes on the teachings and the trappings of the ascetics who would instruct him in self denial. It leads to a night under the banyan tree where he achieves enlightenment. This is the story of us, of how we could be, if we peeked around the corner of our wealth and the walled gardens of our prosperity, and saw the despair of Darfur, of Baghdad, of our own streets stared of food and compassion. We need to look to be moved, and we need to feel the pain of others in order to be able to help. That is what this play calls enlightenment.
The story is told in layers of superb puppetry and live actors. Julian McFaul carries the narrative ball as the Charioteer who accompanies the prince in his pleasures and guards him in his fall to earth. The ensemble of puppeteers (Masanari Kawahara, Janaki Panpura, Sandy Spieler) are wonderfully trained and inspired in their humanizing of the sculpted characters. We expect the best from Heart of the Beast, and we get it. They are dressed in white; instead of disappearing like black-clad bunraku puppeteers, this ensemble guides us with their eyes,m and with their expressions, to where we should look, and to coach us in the effect of the action. Its like having company in watching the show. The baby Gotama is tiny, the young Gotama is larger, the seeker Gotama is life-sized,m the enlightened one is bigger than a tree.
The special effects make this a satisfying experience through out. Music by the astonishing duo of Laura Harada and Tim O'Keefe start us in strings of violin and other (maddeningly unnamed) stringed instruments, a variety of percussion, and the occasional glass, played for a rim-hum that gave us an unending bell-like tone at the central core of the storyline. The shadow puppetry on the scrim filled in story bits with abstract images that told specific bits of information, storytelling in pictures like a black and white stained glass window. As a produced piece of theater, this was an exquisite treat tot he eye, ear and heart.
There was one problem in staging, and one problem in plotting, both of which happen at almost the same time. As Gotama the puppet tastes the milk-rice which leads him tit he middle way, suddenly the charioteer becomes Gotama. What happens to Channa the charioteer? Why is the puppet Gotama lead off the stage as if he dies? I'd be okay with showing that he had found a middle way by becoming a more human monk, leaving behind the stick-man puppet to become the more fully enfleshed enlightened one, but the confusion of him taking on the life of Channa is confusing. I kept wondering, did Gotama leave? Did the charioteer become the Buddha?
Following this confusion is the confusion of the Enlightened One's enlightenment. We have to take their word for it. We do not get to hear the great teacher teach. We hear nothing about why everyone should be interested enough in this fellow to tell his story. It's as if we were told the story of Jesus and ending it when he was baptized, without hearing what he had to say or how he lived. Why can't we have the Buddha make an appearance? Why can't he say what he came to say? It reminded me of how Oscar Wilde described cigarettes as being the perfect luxury: "They are delicious and delightful, and leave one feeling unsatisfied." If the intent of the playwright is to leave us wanting more, it was a success. If it was to teach us about the Buddha's teaching, it fell short. I accept it as the story of his life-changing journey in a search for meaning. And that's a great gift in itself.
In the Heart of the Beast, 1500 East lake St. Minneapolis. 612=721-2535 or www.hobt.org
Tuesday, April 20, 2010
He Qi: Two Levels of Amazement
There is an innovative cross-cultural artist from Nanjing who has illuminated the Christian art world. Whatever it is you do, whatever you are interested in, let me say this about that: Must See. Must See. Must See. He Qi (pronounced ho chi, not Quie) does two absolutely remarkable things. I’ll tell you about them one at a time.
He Qi is a professor a Nanjing Union Theological Seminary, Nanjing, and is categorized as a Contemporary Christian artist, a rare commodity to come out of the People’s Republic of China. The paintings in this exhibit are of biblical motifs, both New Testament and the Hebrew Bible, and they are wonderful compositions that seamlessly combine many different styles. In a nativity scene with he Magi, he has traditional folk elements of peasant portraiture combined with modern avante pictures of the Wise Men, each in a style accurate to their background from Asia, Europe and Africa, as the tradition tells us. Yet the gift that is centered in the picture is a blue-and-white vase from the Chinese tradition that is rendered so accurately it might have been cut out and pasted into place. In a quasi-abstracts portrait of a story, this telling detail is the only thing painted realistically, and he chose a work of art.
The colors he chooses in his gouache pieces feature bright jewel tones and soft pastoral organic backgrounds. His effort to cast Mary as a Chinese woman, or the finding of the foundling Moses by a Chinese princess, is a conscious effort to make the Christian story less foreign and more familiar, less western and more universal. This is as it has always been; Jesus is the Greek name given Yeshua by the Greeks, a blue-eyed Jesus has been featured for many years on Scandinavian calendars; african nativities have African shepherds gathered around an African mother and child. To take this action is not new, but to pull it off in such an honest and compelling style has got to be seen as exceptional.
Qi was getting ready for his reception when I had a few short words for him. I asked about the difficulties of being a follower of the Christian faith in a communist country. “During the Cultural Revolution, all the foreign missionaries were sent out. I was put out in the country, but i couldn’t do the hard work. They needed people to make statues and paintings of Mao, to worship him. I thought, that’s a good job for me. So I got that job for my area. At night, I would paint soft pictures of the Madonna.
“I felt our people had the struggle-spirit too much. Every day, struggle. I wanted to create peaceful scenes. We need to hear the peaceful voice of heaven.”
His studies of medieval paintings in Europe have shown off well in colors like blue and green that seem as bright as stained-glass. He also draws the color palette from minority folk art traditions, which carry vibrant tones of red and yellow. Combining these with modernistic design components, he renders work that is fully Chinese and fully Christian, being of one substance, as it were.
The paintings are bold, deeply colored and strongly evocative of the story portrayed. “Out of the Garden” has the angel casting Adam and Eve from their secluded paradise, which is surrounded by a small wooden fence and a tiny gate. “Abraham and the Angels” has a skeptical Sarah in the back, a welcoming and hospitable Abraham as the proud householder, and three faceless, bi-gendered angelic guests, mysterious and yet casting a beautiful shimmer through the room. “Elijah and the Raven” is a countryside portrait of the prophet in hiding, being brought food by God’s raven. Elijah looks at peace, in comfort, amazed and grateful by this inexplicably miraculous act of generosity from the God he is serving. The colors are more muted and flat in this one to convey a more realistic tone, a more landscape texture to the still modernized figurative creatures portrayed. Any one of these pieces would grace any wall.
Oh, and the second amazing thing? There’s another dozen pieces that are as beautiful, as amazing in their color and composition, and thematic content, and they are made from silk, woven into tapestry. This is the part that has to be seen to be believed. It’s one thing to experience a great artist doing moving, profound work; it’s quite another when that same level of excellence is run through a process one has never encountered before, never even heard of. Each silk strand is dyed carefully by silk artists who have been building the skills of the craft for many thousands of years (the country’s name was originally silk)
and under the watchful eye of He Qi, they take about a month constructing these pieces. The light changes and jumps as you move past each peace; some landscape backgrounds are done in several shades of green, and as you walk by they shift in emphasis; the magnificent jewel tones and the classic modern compositions stay true tot he artist’s forms in his paintings. There is no way to do this work justice in words; Go See. Go See. Go See. It’s a brand new thing to me.
Ruth and Naomi are done is a swirling abstract of rounding forms, feminine yet undefined as people, a merger of two souls. The Song of Solomon has a collection of motifs drawn from the book of erotic love poetry ( the best-kept secret in the Old Testament) that pairs the gorgeous half naked lovers with he metaphors they use to describe each other in lingering, hot-breathed longing. Sleeping Elijah is a symphony of green silk, a cascade of wandering colors that glitter and murmur with each passing. The effect is stunning.
The silk pieces range in price from $1,800 to $4,900. and the paintings go from $4900 to $12,000, with most around $9500.
Premier Gallery, 141 South 11th Street, Downtown Minneapolis. 612-338-4541
Tuesday, April 13, 2010
Kevin Kling and Interact: Seeds of the Guthrie Show
Kevin Kling’s work for NPR and his book, The Dog Says How, have all been high-profile. But his work with Interact Center’s Performing Arts have been more Down Under the Radar. The work with Jeannie Calvit that went from Australia to the Frozen North ended up on the Dowling Stage at the Guthrie as "Northern Lights, Southern Cross." This is how they got there.
Jeannie Calvit is the Artistic Director of Interact, which has an art studio and theater company that develops the skills of people with disabilities. Calvit is an innovator and revolutionary in the field. The performing arts wing has produced memorable shows that have toured to London, Norway, Sweden, British Columbia, and Australia.
Kling was asked to join forces by Calvit, who had corralled allies in Australia. Pat Rix runs a similar theater company called Tutti, and Pat brought aboriginal performers together with some Native Americans gathered by Calvit. Kling had worked with Calvit and Company before his near-fatal motorcycle accident, and his recovery had made for a significant re-direction in his work.
Through Calvit’s ministrations and Kling’s inspirations they recently did a show, Northern Lights, Southern Cross, which played at the Adelaide Fringe Festival. It examines the underlying spirituality that encompasses people who have survived trauma, whether it is personal, tribal, or global.
In a conversation, over tuna burgers and malts at Joe’s Garage, we plumbed the depths of this topic. Here are excerpts from that luncheon.
Seal: Tell me about the show. Did it come out of your hospital experience?
Kling: You know what? No. It began long before this. For me, the jump off point was when the Australians came to Minnesota, and we went dog sledding. There was, like, 11 performers with disabilities, and staff from Tutti came and we went up North. That was amazing, and we went ice fishing, and that's where we met Al Baker (Native American medicine man), and got tied into the Native community here. Then, all of a sudden, that started to become the idea: how do indigenous cultures tie in with cultures with people with disabilities and with survival? And then Sindebad (Minneapolis artist) and I went to Australia last year, and they kinda did to us what we did to them. They took us to the Outback, and we really got to know the members of their indigenous community. Jeannie and Pat Rix, they brought these two forces together; and then we started working on the sending of ideas back to Pat, who did the music.
Calvit: Pat's the main collaborator, and she's a composer. She's the mover and shaker over there, and she and I wanted to do it Obijwe wanted to do a real co-production, that involved our two companies.
I was thinking about things we have in common as two cultures, and it is that we were (countries) settled by white people, who almost destroyed our indigenous people, and I feel that there is some underlying spirituality that's still left over from them . I think that, if you really look into the New Age Stuff, the same stuff I was learning at my New Age church was exactly what Al's teachings are about, and so I felt like that sad aspect of our two cultures was interesting.
Seal: When did you add the idea of the global and personal trauma?
Kling: That was after. I was looking for what connected these communities together. What do the indigenous have, because they're born into it, and then what people with disabilities have, either born into it, or acquire it. The story starts from my motorcycle accident; so it's acquiring a trauma, and then when you're in a coma or you're trying to come out, you end up going epic to survive.
Calvit: I remember the light bulb. Al started talking about the Haioka, Hai-yo-ka. who were contrary - in the Native American culture, they are like spiritual teachers; they do things backwards. They're annoying; they press your buttons. And suddenly the concept of the Haioka, if you look at the origins of the clown - the clowning, the kind of clowning I did at Jacque LeCoque school was about that because he's a little bit different, that's why he gets away with it because he's a little bit crazy.
Kling: Like Lear's Fool.
Seal: He's got license. Like the court jester who can say the unsayable and not get his head cut off.
Calvit: And so, that was just like, "O.K., I know what I'm gonna do! I'm going to create a clown chorus with these disabled artists.”
Kling: Acknowledging both that you are a contrary, and that there are contraries that you can learn – whether it’s Haioka, or Fool, or whatever you want to call it – there is the idea of learning from people who have a foot in two worlds, and you are looking at this world through a prism; and by doing that, you can turn and look at the world you live in. Without that, you are in the world, but if you go through a prism, you can turn and then look. That’s one of the things that Haiokas, contraries, or people with disabilities – one of the things they have to offer is the ability to turn and look at a parallel universe.
Calvit: In the play, There’s a woman who met him (Kling) when she came over to the states. She got caught in a snowstorm. And then she’s telling him, “Don’t ride your motorcycle!” Of course he rides his motorcycle, has the accident, and goes into the coma. That’s when he’s over in the other world, where he meets up with all these Aboriginal and Native American guides, and all these things happen to him.
Kling: I think what the main part of the show was not that we are in trauma; but how you heal from trauma. It did deal with trauma on a cultural, global and personal levels. And How Do You Heal? And the fact that the two ways I found that you heal: Sense of humor, and knowledge of self. Knowledge of self comes from tradition, and stories, of where you come from. That concerns me a bit about America, because I think our kids are born into trauma, now, from 9/11. And the two things they’re going to need; a sense of humor- when you talk about the indigenous culture, the survivors are all hilarious. And the other thing is, knowledge of self; many are also still steeped in the traditional methods. I think storytelling is so important in this day and age because we need to find out who we are so we can survive. And so I think that’s why we’re turning to the indigenous cultures, at this time.
Seal: There’s another thing that you said, that’s this healing thing – in my Chaplaincy training, one of the things they talk about is that Doctors are about Curing, Nurses are about Curing and Healing, and Chaplains are about Healing. Healing can happen even as someone is dying – you can heal relationships, heal your soul…
Calvit: That was a big thing about his play – you can’t cure a disability, but you can heal it – you can’t cure trauma, but you can heal it!
Seal: ….but healing takes on a whole, new meaning when you’re not talking about curing.
Kling: It’s not about that!
Calvit: There’s this beautiful bit at the end of the play – Kevin had gone into coma, has a fever, and the doctor doesn’t think he’s going to live. And there’s a metaphor for the Windigo (the Windigo is an Ojibwe mythical figure that devoured everything), and the mystical thing is that the Windigo came and took Kevin away when he was in a fever, but then we did an incantation with Larry Yazie, the fancy dancer, who got rid of the Windigo. The Windigo left and Kevin was sent back to Minnesota, and at the very end of the play, he’s standing there, and we have Northern Lights, and heavenly music, and then the clown chorus, the leader of the clowns. When Kling came out, he had this hat on…this little guy comes out, and there’s this beautiful aria happening, and the little guy tips his clown hat to Kevin and goes back, and Kevin says, “I came back, but I’m not the same person that left; I’m a Haioka, now.” And then all of the clown chorus comes over and puts their arms around him….so hugely moving. (pause) It was hard coming back to reality, to work
Kling: It was crazy to let it go!
Calvit: And we weren’t the only ones who felt it. Like the people in the choir, who wrote little notes when we left – everybody felt it, I think the audience felt it!
Tuesday, April 6, 2010
Narrative Text in Color: Lisa Fifield, Storyteller in Gouache
There was a choice collection of Native American Art at the Ancient Trader’s Gallery in Minneapolis. Lisa Fifield takes dream imagery out of folk tales and brings them to vivid life on canvas.
Her work draws from many sources. The stories may be ones we know of, as in work inspired by Louise Erdrich. “Manitou” is a piece that shows the merging identity of the human, the elk, and the tree in a naturalistic, alert merging of the souls. With human clothes, a half-human face, a hoof for a hand, a branch that an owl is poised on, this mythic creation on a grey winter backdrop makes the unity of soul and nature a reality, the imagination made solid. Some translations of Manitou relate its definition as defining the Great Spirit, as “The Uncreated.” In this piece, we see a manifestation of the creator god that poses a oneness of life, nature as sentient, creation as a living thing. A shared kinship is evident; a potential harmony of life forms is realized.
Another piece “Dancing of the Elk Clan Women” shows a troupe of women in a tribal gathering of joy, dancing in an expression of togetherness that transforms them into leaping, flying elk. They are shape-shifting from earthbound humans to gravity free creatures of ecstasy. The earthtone colors of a mild watercolor backdrop and vivid gouache colors make the figures threaten to leap off the canvas.
Another piece, “Pretty Voice Hawk Woman” is a tribute tot he people killed at Wounded Knee, with the birds representing the living souls of the departed. The ten birds are drawn with patient attention to detail, and their centerpiece human looks out with both the hard knowledge of loss and the fierce determination of survival.
Fifield (Oneida, Black Bear Clan) had classical training at the Atelier LeSuer School of Art in Wayzata, and taught herself watercolor techniques. Some of her work was chosen for the opening of the Museum of the American Indian, which the Smithsonian opened in New York City in 1994. Her work is exhibited nationwide.
Much of her inspiration comes from the stories of the Oneida, one of the five Iroquois nations in the Northeast. Storytellers have a tradition of tales in which women have a special relationship with animals, learning from them or teaching, comforting and communicating. The Iroquois and other Native cultures understood early on the importance of storytelling, and it has always been central to the culture of American Indians.
Ancient Traders is at 1113 East Franklin Ave. in Minneapolis. For hours and information, call 612=870-7555.
Thursday, April 1, 2010
Mikael Rudolph: A Memorial Tribute
Mikael Rudolph: A Memorial statement
March 26th, 2010 Social Dance Hall gathering,
South Minneapolis
I’ve never agreed with someone so strongly, and disagreed with someone so strongly, as I did with Mikael. I always felt like we were on the same team, but there was hardly a time when we could not find something to argue about, and in fact I had to restrain myself from baiting him, because I knew I could get him going with, like, one line.
For tonight, I asked some of his pals for stuff that comes to mind when you think of him.
One friend told of a time in Washington. Michael’s gal pal was staying at the house of this friend’s parents. Mikael went over to pick her up, they sat around for a while in the living room talking. The coffee table had a bowl of fake fruit on it. Several days later, they noticed the banana was gone. It remained a mystery, until this friend saw him at the Renaissance Fair, using the banana as a fake gun; especially to make people leave the stage. He was confronted: “So you’re the guy who stole my mom’s fake banana!” and Mikael’s eloquent, immediate defensewas: “I needed it!”
Another friend: “One thing Mikael got was that you can be a creature of habit- and still live in the moment. When he was performing he fully inhabited every moment of his show---even when things were tough, or he didn't feel well- he could walk into that crowd with his squeaker and meet whatever met him there--as though it were new, every day. While he was a creature of habit-- he could also change his mind. He used to vote Republican--then he organized to impeach George Bush. He was open to change in the moment. That's a gift. And it's a gift I think Mikael gave himself.He lived on his own terms. While he gave himself what he needed--he also found time to give to others. Time, energy, support, excitement, acceptance, entertainment, revolution---these were things he gave us.”
Myself? I got to know Mikael when we talked about the show that became Cancer My Ass. It was about his sister having a stroke, and then Mikael getting cancer, and then his sister getting cancer, and then Mikael getting cured, and his sister dying- and the dreams and visions and visitations he had about all that. How he dealt with her death.
He had made a journal of the whole experience, and I said, “You know, that’s a one person show right there, if you can get it down to 60 minutes.” He thought it was too big, too long. So I said “Cutting that down to size could be a great way for you to work though and process the death of your sister.” Then I said, “I’d love to see a mime do a whole show of talking.” I always thought, here’s one of the fastest, funniest people I’ve ever met, and he’s got a show where he doesn’t ever talk. What a waste!
Cancer My Ass was a beautiful show, and a powerful experience for everyone who came. It wasn’t preachy or churchy, but it was clear and honest and amazing and true and deeply, powerfully spiritual, and redemptive, and healing. Cancer patients and family members came and were helped in their healing. He knew it was a challenge, he knew it would hurt to work on it, and he knew better than anyone how it could help others. I knew it would be good, but I had no idea it would be that good.
Then the ironic second act happened. His cancer came back, and he was getting clobbered. I came to the hospital to visit once, with his squad of pals keeping an eye on him. He fought, and then he gave up, and he fought, and then he gave up. That discipline that made him a great mime, dance teacher, and close-up magic guy, that discipline can also be described as Being a Control Freak, and the process of dealing with something so beyond his control was frustrating, unjust, and his anger was painful to witness. It was hard not to be hurt by some shrapnel in his explosions of rage. I saw more than one terrified nurse scuttling out of there in a hurry.
Soon after, I came back to the ICU as a patient, and I was put into a bed in a room next to his. I was in an induced coma after cardio-respitory arrest. We were both konked out on propolol. After three weeks I came home. It took him longer to come home. And when he did, it was in a hospice setting.
So now my question is one that many of you might have. Why am I at his memorial service instead of him at mine? It’s the same question Mikael had when his sister died.
And the answer is, we don’t know. We don’t know how long we have. I might live to be 85 and I might trip on a curb tomorrow and that would be it. In the meanwhile, I want to do what Mikael did. Eat pizza, hang with friends, talk baseball, try and make people smile, knowing we will eventually have to close down the party.
Here’s how I will remember him best. I brought my 12 year old over to his house for a barbecue, and I asked him to do the two-coin trick. He thought and said, Okay. He dug it out of his truck, made us turn our backs for prep, and when we turned back he started. “I have an English Penny and a Kennedy half dollar in my hand. I take the English Penny, and put it in my pocket, and how many coins do I have in my hand? (One). No you’re not listening.” He’d open his hand and there were two coins. “I have an English Penny and a Kennedy half dollar in my hand... (okay, he did this four times, and the fourth one the result was was “I have No coins in my hand.” The more irritation he showed my kid, the funnier it was. And it seemed like he had as much fun as if he was doing it for 50 people, or a hundred. He did it just for me and my kid, and it was hilarious. That moment will always be alive for me.
So if you feel like there is a Mikael-shaped hole in your life, think about that pain in your heart as a way to keep in touch with him. to keep his memory alive in your life, to bring that smiling devilish gleam in his eye into your eye, and when you see some kid or some adult as gullible as me, take the licence to do what Mikael did, and mess with us.
Now. Mikael had a deep commitment to his faith. It is appropriate to take a moment for a prayer in his tradition at this point. As we pray, please know you don’t have to believe what Mikael believed to be a part of this meditation. Please listen for a word of comfort in this hour which marks our loss.
Let us pray.
God our creator,
We acknowledge the uncertainty of our life on earth.
We are given a mere handful of days,
and our span of life is like the blink of an eye,
and seems to be as nothing.
But the eye that blinks, that is something.
The grass withers, the flower fades,
but your truth will stand forever.
In you is our hope. Even in the valley of the shadow of death, you are with us.
Turn your ear to our cry, and hear our prayer.
Look graciously on those who mourn, and bless them,
for they will be comforted, by you and by each other.
And that casting all their care on you, they will know
the consolation of your love, and the love of each other.
God above us and within us,
God support us all the day long,
Until our shadows lengthen,
and the evening comes,
and the busy world is hushed,
the fever of life is over,
and our work is done.
Then in your mercy, grant us a holy rest,
and peace at the last.
We ask this in your name, Amein
Tuesday, March 30, 2010
Interview: Philip Bither, Curator of Performing Arts at the Walker Art Center
I did a lot of the talking.
Seal: Our conversation started with the comment of yours, as I remember it, about talent from outside the United States, talking about how their spirituality was a big resource of inspiration and influence. And then now your artists are talking, as I understand it, the an American artists, about politicizing their work more, if they can.
Bither: That’s right.
Seal: And I see them as tied together in terms of content issues, because I think in the past there’s been a lot of focus on form (which I haven’t been that interested in – it’s kind of nice, but why should I have to go through this?). If you’re going to put on a show that’s a categorical imperative, I want meaning. Now, in the work that I’m focusing on, it’s looking at the theatrical and spiritual content of plays like “All My Sons” by Arthur Miller; and I’m saying, “OK, now how can I do that with what we get out of the Bible?” How can we look at, like, the story of David, screwing his neighbor’s wife, and killing him so that he can get her -- and bringing those stories out, because that’s full of pathos and meaning. But it doesn’t have to be just about that text. It’s also true of people going into the Hindu tradition, and storytelling and…the Spiritual Fringe it’s first year had, like, there were nine shows, and a couple of them were bombs -- but the good ones were really good. One of them was a Jewish show – four Jews talking about Israel from completely different viewpoints – like the Buddhist/Liberal/Jewish secular view, and the Settlement view – saying, “This was the land God gave us.” and the liberal points in between.
Bither: Just out of curiosity, was that one more about geo-politics, than about spirituality? Did it come from a Jewish point of view…
Seal: Wholly in that. “This thing here comes out of our tradition, Oh, but this comes out of the Bible. But this comes out of our statehood and our nationhood. And this comes out of our effort to make a democracy” All these clashing viewpoints…it’s like a what Jack Rueler (at Mixed Blood) talks about, “It’s not one person proving another person wrong, it’s about both sides are right; now what do you do? That’s what makes for a very interesting drama. We had one show that was a woman storyteller, who told the story of her daughter drowning in a swimming pool, and the spiritual journey she went on after that – and that was one of the most moving, powerful, deeply felt things I’ve ever seen in my life. And there were a couple of other shows that were …Jamie Meier, did a drum ceremony for the Holy Spirit, using bird’s wings, and gongs in the basement with the lights down. Candles. It was fabulous.
So, anyway, I just saw this great resource of inspiration coming out of traditional and non-traditional approaches to spirituality, which sounded like what you were talking about. The content for the performers, the resource for their inspiration – was their spirituality. And that’s what I was kind of hearing from you, and that’s what I wanted to see what you’re talking about. And then talk about what you’d encountered so far.
Bither: You know, we went through a moment – it was more than a moment, it’s actually been written into our mission statement at the Walker around having much more of a global orientation. There was a particular year at the end of a four-year series called “How Latitudes Become Forms: Behind the Global Age,” which was the concluding exhibition, but we had a special leadership vantage from the Bush Foundation, which supported us getting to some parts of the world that we normally would not get to – and meeting artists, and inviting them here – and doing a spectrum of programs. And I noticed during those years, that contemporary artists coming from outside the U.S. – seem to have much less difficulty in addressing issues of spirituality, or making spirituality in art in a way that wasn’t fear-inducing on their part, or they weren’t anxious about the fact of how their work would be read; they were embracing the questions of spirituality in a very experimental sort of performance context.
And, at the same token; at the same moment – we had artists like Liz Larriman, and Ralph Lamanieven, who were very specifically and consciously, talking about their spiritual practice, in the context of the making of “Indecencies: Dance Theater Works.“ And I was just thinking about it this morning – perhaps there is (in the contemporary art world) more readiness; or sort of acceptance, ironically enough, of spiritual questions and issues, when they exist outside of Judeo-Christian, or maybe just Christian, sort of framework of American contemporary artists or something. Artists are talking about questions of spirituality from a non-Western point of view; perhaps there’s a much more sort of openness, on the part of theater audiences or curators or whomever else – programmers – to sort of be curious and embrace those questions, because maybe there’s less of a concern around that kind of natural restrictions, in terms of creative freedom, perhaps. That religious practice, sometimes, implies in creativity and art.
Seal: Especially Chris Gamadie, where the headlines about the repression, and not about the benefits of openness…
Bither: And increasingly I say, these questions around Muslim practice, and real interest on the part of funders and programmers and others to really try to explore what are the broader questions in the Muslim world and the Islamic world, I think that concern around the narrowing – I guess you can find parallels in Christian practice; there are questions as well…The narrowing of the perception of those religious practices into a very narrow, fundamental sort of perspective of what those religions stand for.
Seal: Fundamentalism is a problem in every religion. Hindu people burning Muslims on their trains, for example, and Jews, Muslims, Christians---and, from what I’ve read, that’s a reaction against modernity – they’re going back into a fundamentalist viewpoint of belief; because it is simpler and easier to understand in the context of a world that’s more complex and impossible to understand. So they’re not rolling with re-framing their religious viewpoints based on the new world that they encounter; they’re going back to what Grandma and Grandpa used to do. And it’s a problem for Christians, Jews and Muslims. There are Muslims where it’s OK to put up a picture of Mohammed, and there are other Muslims where it’s not.
Bither: And there’s been a lot of discussion in the press about the politicism (of religion) and moderate Muslims, attempting to re-balance the discussion in some way. But I do think that there is a generation of American artists – these are, again, the realm that I work in, experimental and contemporary artists – who are, maybe, coming of age where they feel they want to explore those questions, regardless of what perceived restrictions that the art market (for lack of a better term) might view as placing on them. They really are – maybe it’s the fact that they’ve reached their 40s and 50s, or that they have children, or that they’re wondering about how their creative practice relates to their spirituality, or spirituality in general.
Seal: Or they know somebody who’s died. Or they think about that for the first time. In our extended adolescence, with a longer life-span, we don’t really have to encounter that in our 20s and 30s, like people used to.
Bither: Certainly, you think of an artist like Bill T. Jones – he spent his whole life grappling with that the friction that exists between -- his very faith-based Baptist, African-American upbringing, that he draws a lot of power from, and yet he’s had an incredible relationship with his mother, who was very much about an old-school, Baptist religion – and his own life as a gay man, involved in a very life-changing relationship with a Jewish, white guy, and the kind of homophobia that they experienced, both in the black community and the culture at large; and then the loss of his partner through HIV/AIDS…he’s always exploring these questions about where does this power in his life come from, and he’s gone from questioning -- on-stage, real-time – religious leaders, about how can they find/justify religions that say anyone who’s homosexual is going to go to Hell, and a sense of compassion – those are some of the most electric moments I’ve ever experienced in a theater. When there’s the whole, life in this performance…it’s huge, this theatrical dance work stops, and this minister comes out; or a person of faith, and Bill T. Jones sits and says, “Let me ask you this; how can we…” and he was truly trying to get at these questions.
Seal: That sounds really cool. Because that’s an issue in every Protestant denomination, and even back to the Catholics, who are scrambling for priests the way they are…now they’re going to get rid of the gay ones? There’s going to be a huge fracture. Methodists, Presbyterians, Episcopalians, Lutherans – are all struggling with gay ministry, and I’m in a church that’s in favor of gay ministry; studied it and made a huge case on it, and they say Jesus never talked about homosexuality. So, if you want to call yourself a Christ-centered Church, you can’t draw that conclusion there. Male relationships are banned in Leviticus, but nothing’s ever said about female-to-female relationships. You can’t say anything against the Lesbians. And then you go back to that same chapter, and there’s stuff against bacon and shrimp, and blending fabrics - “So why are you picking this one verse instead of those?”
Bither: Like making interest off of loans is usury.
Seal: Exactly. It’s a selective interpretation of texts and cultural mores, creating a connection where there is none, where you find something that agrees with you, instead of reading what’s there, and saying, “What conclusions can we draw?” So, that’s really cool that he talks about that onstage…because my big inspiration is Dr. King, and his work of taking that spirituality and saying, “Let’s live up to our highest standards, as Christians and as Americans. Let’s read the Constitution and apply it! “
Dr. King never talked about women in the ministry; he never talked about homosexuality. But you can say, or my conclusions, when I read his stuff – it’s about reconciliation with outsiders…that’s what Jesus’ ministry was about. Non-Jews, ministering to lepers…people who were pushed outside of society. And Dr. King was into reconciliation of races. And that’s not about winning and losing. It’s not about excluding those who are different. It’s about actively welcoming them.
So that’s a huge, spiritual belief. Into a spiritual realm of practice, or praxis, which is reflective action, that almost everybody I know is uncomfortable; “you mean…make friends with my enemies? Love the racist? The homophobe?” So, the work that I’m interested in is the stuff that challenges us; pushing us past our comfort level, not in terms of winning or losing and who’s the bad guy. Because if people on the left sound as unfriendly as Pat Robinson, we’re no improvement on Pat Robinson.
And that brings us back into the politics aspect.
Bither: Well, I also think that in our contemporary time, there’s one last note on it. I think that the role that artists play, especially at this moment in time, is to offer people a sense of what creative freedom is; that art can somehow – not just instill community and instill inspiration, but also can be a form of democracy, in life. And you read about, (in my world) of modernism and post-modernism and experimental art; people coming here because they were so inspired by the freedom that American artists show. My daughter just did a project for her history day on Peter Schuman, and the puppet theater. In part because for ten years, she’s heard me talk about how he’s one of my heroes, and he says artists today will connect political beliefs and incredibly beautiful, spectacularly moving artwork into a practice, and not make one or the other subservient (or in deference) to the other. And Schuman was just talking about how actually this is a real spiritual kind of core to his work as well. He’s just one of these figures that I think, when you talk about art in politics, that it’s really able to embrace them both.
When Pete was in Germany, he saw Merce Cunningham and John Cage, and I don’t think of Cunningham and Cage and Schuman necessarily sharing the same universe at all, but it was Cunningham’s and Cage’s radical freedom of what they were doing – he made him think, “I’ve got to go to America. If they can allow that to happen, and just break the boundaries and the structures that exist of “What is Western Music? What is dance supposed to be?” I’ve got to be there.” And now he found his own complete voice here.
But I guess, part of what we hope – in our most idealistic moments – is that the kind of work the Walker shows, will inspire another generation – or anyone – “Wow, who thought of that?” -- and what kind of freedom does that represent? And what can that mean in my life? What can that do for me? How can I exercise that same kind of freedom? Not to be so patriotic, but, as an American, as a country that allows people to express themselves in sometimes radical, provocative ways…how can that be an inspiration?
Seal: That’s what I like about your Joe Chvala show (Fire and Ice, Flying Foot Forum); he had the freedom to be as modern, crazy, choreographer-on-acid type stuff, but stick into it the resources of 1,000 – 2,000 year old mythology and sculptural visuals, and throw Ruth MacEnzie’s ancient singing into it, and you’ve got a very special and powerful means to communicate.
And then meld it with a band – so all the freedom was there from the go, wherever he wanted to take it. And he was like, nailing it down here and exploding it over there.
Bither: And that balance is really great.
Seal: It was really cool. So that’s what, in my little world, that’s what I hope more people see as a resource, it’s not necessarily a Christian spirituality, but the root of your own spirituality. Theater kind of connected it to me, and one of great cultural flaws of European-Americans is that we try to sever our relationship with the old country when we come over to America. African Americans feel a great deal of emotional connection with the old country in ways that we Euro-Americans have gotten rid of. So to connect with pre-Christian mythology – I think that’s a fabulous way to go, to reclaim that. I was getting chills as a Norwegian, all that Swedish and Finnish stuff going on out there… it really worked for me.
Bither: You can also argue about other, non-European communities have attempted in some way to stay connected, or even if you’re doing very modern contemporary work or Americanized things, that there’s still a relationship to that heritage.
Seal: You mean like the refugee communities who come over intact – and preserve that culture. They Americanize – like they go sing karaoke –what they do for a party, but they still practice traditional stuff.
Bither: And you know, some Asian communities,like the Indian ex-patriate communities, into the 2nd, 3rd generation – there is still incredibly effective mechanisms of culture, like the Indian Music Association, that brings great Indian musicians, and is connected to these fabulous musical forms, and are so very knowledgeable and follow very closely to those traditions. We present Brazilian music; Afro-Brazilian – the 2nd, 3rd generation will come out within a 300-mile radius to see Katan Belloso. There’s still a real relationship there.
Seal: My experience with Ragamala, and Aparna Ramaswamy going back to India, to study, and being more traditional than her mom Ranee who came here for that expressive freedom; And to see that tension pulls both of them in both directions really works, especially when they do something together.
But then, you’ve been there with that big outdoor thingy – and again, as I understand it, they’re drawing on some sort of spiritual base?
Bither: They were drawing on myths – the Ramayana, which is one of the central texts to Hindu religion. It’s centuries old, and it’s like Bible stories in many ways – and they use these very wonderful stories that provides values to the culture and give meaning. To us, they seem rather exotic…about monkey kings, and bringing the bride over the channel, and someone absconding with someone’s wife…but they’re all imbedded with values to the culture. Hindu – that story from the Ramayana, exists in all Hindu cultures, and so what Ranee wanted to do, and what I saw fascinating, was she took a trip to Indonesia and saw the incredible, ritualistic, Balinese Monkey Chant – which is done as part of the telling; in an Indonesian, in a Balinese way – stories from the Ramayana, which she tells through Bharatanatyam dance.
So she saw her own stories being told in a completely radical, different kind of wild way – true to the Indonesian approach to Hindu cultural expression. And so she wanted to marry those two; to have the Bharatanatyam approach to telling stories of the Ramayana, married with the Indonesian approach, and then combining the American, Minnesotan artists into those – learning the Monkey Chant as well. We got 30 Minnesotan men to participate, and learn the very complex, poly-rhythmic vocal tradition of that style of music, and then perform it together, and hopefully reveal – not only give people who live here of Indian descent, and other Hindu descent – to chance to celebrate their own, rich heritage, but also to open up those stories for a lot of Minnesotans who may not know anything about the Ramayana.
Seal: I wonder if that’s ever been done in either India or Indonesia.
Bither: It had only been done once – there was a big production out in L.A., as part of the L.A. Festival in the 80s, when Peter Sellers was running that festival – also attempting to marry those traditions of Indonesian and Hindu traditions. But Ranee is trying to get this down in Indonesia, I’m sure there must have been performances of Indian artists, without any Western producers trying to make it out as a way to work together.
Seal: In terms of a show or two that you have done here at the Walker, does any of that stuff jump out at you?
Bither: One thing I wanted to mention – an interesting experience the other day, this is not so much directly related to text and the meaning that we get from here. Music is another part of the place where so many artists I talk to – talk about it coming from somewhere else, and the spiritual relationship with music, and the number of jazz musicians who’ve said, “Hey, It’s not me – I’m just the vehicle; I’m channeling something that’s coming from someplace else.”
Seal: Mingus would always talk about getting ‘way above – watching himself play. He said every show’s an out-of-body experience, he could just watch himself.
Bither: Musicians who are very much in the avante garde – you don’t think, you might be surprised that – they’re speaking in a very similar way to…say, a Gospel tradition – “This is about a greater being, and I am just a channel. I go someplace else, and something takes – not quite takes over; even an artist as hard-edged and cynical at certain times of manner he has, as John Zorn – the other night…here is a guy who’s always been considered the epitome of rejection of what we think of religious practice or spirituality – he started the whole, radical Jewish art movement in downtown New York scene when he turned 40 – and decided there’s something about being a Jew, and about those stories, and about that history that – his father died – it made him want to go back and explore; suddenly – then he and all the Jewish musicians were part of the avante garde, downtown music scene. Started like, looking at Jewish music in a whole range of styles, not just Klezmer – but whole different kinds of Jewish cultural expression, and turning it on its head, but now Zorn has made made a whole Masada songbook, he is intent on doing 613 songs – that’s the number that comes from the Jewish religious tradition; that 613 statements that come out of this traditional, Jewish text. He’s done two cycles of them, and a lot of them are beautiful, spiritual melodies.
He was in an interview; I interviewed him on the stage the other night, and I happened to say (I pushed it a little too far), and he too said, “Once I get going, man, it’s not me! It’s coming from someplace else.” And I said, “John, it’s surprising to hear you say…so many jazz artists from other traditions have said about channeling from a greater thing, and he said, “Oohh, don’t take it that far.” He didn’t want to put too much into a kind of new age realm. He’s a prime example of somebody who has taken their own cultural and spiritual heritage, and made it modern – and drawing from the power of it – but doing it for the 21st century.
Seal: That’s cool, and is ringing a bell, because the thing in theology, when you go into the tradition, and you say, “OK - What’s valuable about it now?” That you can still use. And that’s what everybody does, whether they do it on purpose or not. You find out what it is about the tradition that you want to sustain; and you want to continue, what you want to pass on. And it’s in your practice, it’s in your service, it’s your tradition of altruistic work on behalf of the helpless and voiceless and the poor. But it’s also in the tradition to teaching your kid. I don’t have all day; I don’t have my kid’s attention that long – what can I give him that is valuable about this tradition. So, that’s exactly what the process is, and people think of religion as frozen in time…and they try to keep it there, and they will fail; because the world changes around them, and even if they change – and the more they try to keep it from changing- (they call that “Jesus in a box), the more you put Jesus into that box, the less chance you have of making it meaningful.
Bither: Undoubtedly, Bill’s piece – many people think of it as one of his best works in a decade. This is all about fundamentalism, and how do we do live in a world where he talks about the corroding influence of the absolute, but again – as an artist growing up in a Southern Baptist family. I think he is exploring the questions of militarism – and current empire building that we have in our country, the triumph of fundamentalism. I haven’t seen the work live yet. But it’s been getting fantastic reviews everywhere.
Seal: We have artists drawing from the home country tradition. Any other shows come to mind?
Bither: You know, the group Benarawin, that comes from Somali; their music is from electric guitars with very traditional, Somalian music, they basically performed in the refugee camps after the civil wars. No matter how radical, or experimental they are – they still are in some ways, an expression of the human spirit. You can’t ignore the fact that there’s a spiritual component – even the artist knows. It’s a spiritual experience, in a very abstract way.
Seal: And you can get pretty far in that direction; the thing that I’m focusing on is when people recognize it and address spirituality in their work specifically, literally, and out loud. More like Bill T. Jones. My background with the church and the militaristic society, that’s about culture, values and faith, and conflict of theology with practice. That thing he talks about with absolutes, is exactly what I was talking about with how the faith transforms itself through time, and the people who try to nail them down as absolutists… is what will kill the faith.
You have to look at it, but it’s worth the attention. These are things that we will hold firm to, but they will change, or our perception of it will change, or this got left behind.
The Native American stuff, which was -- that got left by the side of the road in their Diaspora, they’ve been clobbered here – and they’re re-discovering stuff. They have to go back and re-discover. That’s a spiritual journey of re-discovery that anybody who’s kinda connected with cultural, religious, historical past – it goes back into that mining expedition, to find those little nuggets that mean something to them.
But that doesn’t mean that means something to the next generation. They have to discover their own thing. And this notion that we can take something that your father gave you, and hand it to your son intact, is a desperate misconception.
Bither: But don’t you find a lot of people in my church (Unitarian) – I think it’s a very healthy struggle, but there’s always been a struggle – of being, really, one of the most open minded and fluid churches – perhaps not many absolutes – and the people’s need to have absolutes. It seems that people look to religious practice anyway, for something to hang on to – and so there’s that tension of being relevant in our times, but people feeling they have certainties about certain things.
Seal: The Unitarians are in a very special place. They are absolutely open-minded, and they are always learning. But the problem with their system is that they have trouble passing that on to the next generation, I have buddies who are Unitarian Ministers, and one of my friends said she was digging into the Christian roots to rediscover how to pass down some sort of religious faith to her children. Because the children grew up in a kind of nebulous sense of what religion is, and whole generation kinda disappears. And people come to the Unitarian Church as adults
Bither: A lot of Refugees come to Unitarianism
Seal: But their challenge now is how to hand it down to the next generation…how do we make this meaningful. It’s hard to hang your hat on a peg, when there’s no peg in the wall.
Bither: The peg can be confused potentially with – and that’s ok with me – with societal values – we are an open congregation and we believe in full acceptance in an embrace of…you know…we go through a full range of diversity – and I love that about it, certainly – is that kind of Openness, compassion and acceptance of people, regardless or race, sexual orientation – the whole range of human class. But I think some people can get that from political work, or working on democracy issues. You don’t have to go to church.
Seal: Religion comes from the word, “to come together.” So that’s where you bring your spirituality into the company of other people, and decide that you’re going to do stuff together as a ceremony, or whatever. The distinction about being spiritual without being religious, is to me a very valid distinction. You can have that spirituality all by yourself – but when you start to bring it together and bring it into conversation with other people, you have to have some idea of what that conversation is about. My church is Presbyterian – and that centers on a Jesus tradition, but it’s very much an ecumenical and inter-faith experience – with outreach for the Jews, Hindus, Catholics, and everybody else – it’s “What can we work on together?”
Now, for me, I just need some focus. I’m not smart enough to be a Unitarian; that’s just too wide open. So I come to a Jesus tradition through Dr. King – which is: Love Your Enemy. That sounds impossible, but he did; and he changed the way business is done in this country, and he did it by applying this Judeo-Christian tradition of morality in our context of reality. And that to me means you’re still open to learning from every other (wisdom) tradition that’s out there.
So it’s away from the exclusive, absolute viewpoint of the Christian practice that my father grew up with. But that doesn’t work anymore. We know more; we’re exposed to more. We’re not so fearful of other ways of thinking.